Kamis, 21 Juni 2012

Analysis Prose Using Objective Approach My Husband, My Hero by James W. Nelson in a Collection of Contemporary Short Stories


CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1  Background of Choosing the Topic
James W. Nelson was a great writer who was born in 1944. He spent his time to write stories. His first piece and immediately rejected by Reader’s Digest. But the vein had been opened. His first novel (still in unfinished hard copy) became a thousand-page behemoth, “hand-typed” four times. Then an electric—will wonders never cease?—typewriter, and two more drafts. The first computer arrived about 1980 (typewriter and monitor). One click and a correction got made, and the story typed automatically, but, still, one page at a time. The next three novels and about forty short stories came quickly. He used three pen names because the story subjects were so different. He has published two short stories in small press magazines and won three short story contests (Falls Writers Workshop, Ohio). Dying to Live (an autobiography) is his first book in his own name. A Collection of Contemporary Short Stories is his second.
One of his stories entitle My Husband, My Hero in his second book uses the flashback plot. He mixed the plot. He started this story with problem. He used the problem to remind the major character to recall the events. This flashback plot tempts me to dig this plot further because this flashback plot makes this story so complicated and interesting.
 1.2  Objective of the study
The primary objective of this analysis is the plot of story My Husband, My Hero. The objective of this study is to put the sequence of events in right order in order to facilitate readers determine the events easily.
1.3  Statement of problem
As mentioned in the background of choosing topic that James W. Nelson played with the flashback plot in his story My Husband, My Hero, I am challenging to dig the plot out he used in this story. How did he outwit the riders using this plot?
1.4  Scope of the study
This paper is bounded only one aspect which discussed the plot. The definition of plot, kinds of plot, and how they can persuade the story being interesting.
1.5  Theoretically approach
Basically there are several kinds of theoretically approach to analyze literary work, but here I use the objective approach to analyze this story. Objective approach by Prof. Dr. Nyoman Kutha Ratna (2004; 74) revealed that it is the important approach that discusses a lot the elements of intrinsic. The elements of intrinsic will show the aesthetics of literary works maximally.
1.6  Method of the study
Encouraging the objective approach, I use the descriptive analysis method. Descriptive analysis method is used to show the proofs based on facts in the story and continue to analyze each proof. I focus just only on the plot of this story due to the fact that I will explain it in the discussion. 
 1.7  Presentation
This study is presented in four chapters. The first chapter contains introductions, which consists of the background of choosing the subject, objective of the study, statement of problem, scope of the study, theoretical approach, method of research, and presentation.  The second chapter deals with the discussion of plot definition, kinds of plot, and how the plot influence the story being interesting. The third chapter concludes the whole of the discussion and gives suggestion to the readers.

 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
2.1 Definition of plot
            According to Panuti Sudjiman in his book Kamus Istilah Sastra (1984) giving limitation is the combination of events in literary works (included text of drama or play) to get the particular effects. The link can be created by the relation of time and causal (cause and effect). Plot is the sequence of events which is planned and created by the author accurately. He plays the plot using complicated problem to get the climax of the story. In my analysis, Sudjiman said that plot is the sequence of events which is drawn accurately to make the story alive. The author plays with the plot in order to give the sense in his story.
Plot based on Edward Morgan Forster in his book Aspect of Novel (1927) the narration of many events which is planned intentionally regarding to the series of time. Plot can be events which comes afterward each other. So, I think that plot is the most important intrinsic element in literary works. The story will never flow without the plot.  
2.2 Kinds of Plot
            Plot can be divided into two part; simple plot and multi plot. Simple plot is the story whose has one problem and it runs quiet from the beginning until the end of the story. Whereas multi plot is the story whose has the primary major plot and it is supported by several sub plots which relate to each other.
2.3 How the plot influences this story being interesting
            Related to the definition of plot which explains that plot is the series of events to get climax of the story and make it alive. Additionally, plot does not only make the story alive like the universe, but also influences the story being interesting. It influences the sense of the story. When we read the story in the novel or watch in the movie, we feel that we are in that story. So, that is the reason why I say that plot is the most important intrinsic aspect in the story. A smart and creative author plays with his plot and makes the events so complicated in order to invite the readers joining the series of the events in that story. The author plays with his event arrangement and causes our emotion being uncontrolled. That is why we often weep, cry, angry, sympathy, etc when we read novel or watch the movie.
            In this story My Husband, My Hero by James W. Nelson makes my emotion uncontrolled. I am not aware before that they were trapped in the nursing home because Nelson starts his story with evening dialog was like in a house.

“Aaa-errr!”
The woman had heard her husband calling, off and on, for, she didn’t know how long. All her life, maybe. She knew he was calling her and knew he was saying ‘Mother’. But it didn’t sound like ‘Mother,’ more like a very young child just learning to speak. The ‘M’ sound was missing, and the ‘th,’ and other sounds in his speech were missing. But she knew what he was trying to say, so she heard him as she knew he meant for her to hear.
“Motherrr! You gonna get supper on pretty soon?”
Yes, she should. She wondered if she had meat thawed. She thought so. She had dusted that day. So she should have meat thawed.
“Fresh fry the potatoes,” her husband called.
Yes, fresh fry. He had always liked them that way, sliced thin and raw and spread in the frying pan like silver dollars.

In this story, the husband called his wife and he wanted a supper. I assume that they were live together in a beautiful house. In fact they lived in nursing home.

No, I don’t make your supper anymore. Her mind began to clear. For a moment she remembered where she was. She saw clearly what was happening. A young woman in a white uniform was pushing her husband in a reclining jerry chair. And she, herself, was sitting nearly helpless—no, she was helpless—in a wheelchair. She and her husband were in a nursing home, at least together in the same room but more separated then they had ever been in their sixty-five years.

But I found my gaffe when I read the next paragraph, and then I see that Nelson plays with the plot and he uses the flashback plot. I was suspicious when I found another description in this story. Nelson only tells the husband’s voices, no gestures. I assume again that the husband was dead.

“Motherrr!”
The voice cut into her. What did he want now? She should go see. She moved her right hand, at least lifted it. Her left one didn’t seem to work at all anymore. Her right hand rested on the narrow wheel. She even gripped it, slightly. The wheel even turned, but no more than a half inch.
“Motherrr!”
The voice came again. Loud, yes. But not demanding, never demanding, and not really even too impatient. How she loved him. She gripped the wheel again. Maybe an inch. Maybe more. She even thought she felt movement.
“Motherrrrr...!”
A little louder that time. She wanted to go to him, and wasn’t really sure why she couldn’t. Oh, yes, she couldn’t walk. A long time since she had walked. She couldn’t even really remember what walking was like, wasn’t even really sure she had the word right. Walk? She just remembered her husband. All those years on the farm, getting up early every day, helping milk the cows. She would never forget that one time when Red had not wanted to be milked, or something. The cow had kicked, and kicked again, and then had gone a little crazy, or some such thing, and actually started bucking, even with her back legs hobbled. She knew the cow was normally gentle, and would never hurt her purposefully. Even so she grabbed her half full milk pail with one hand, her stool with the other…

Then I assume again that these dialogs from husband are just the wife memories.

“Motherrrr!”
And where was he? The voice seemed so far away. She looked around the room. He wasn’t there. Where are you, Daddy? All she saw was her dim room, and a doorway, and beyond that brighter lights.
“Motherrrr!” His voice seemed to come from the doorway. If he would just come to her. She couldn’t go to him. It was so frustrating sometimes.

This plot is so complicated, but very interesting. I have to determine what are the first event, and then the second, the third, and finally the end of the events. This is the series of events based on my understanding.
1.      They are a couple of spouses. My assumption is wrong that I think the husband was dead.
2.      They live in a nursing home. My assumption is wrong again that I think before they are lived in a beautiful house.
3.      They were separate each other. My assumption is true, but my reason is wrong that I think they were separate because of the dead. In fact, they were separate because of the nursing home rules.
4.      The husband wanted his supper. My assumption is wrong for four times that I assume the husband’s voices are just the wife’s memories. As his habit in his house, he always called his wife in the evening and asked for the supper. And these voices are real, not the memories.
5.      The wife could not finish her husband’s supper. My assumption is now true that the wife could not finish her husband’s supper because she was on the wheel chair.
These are my proofs that plot is very important. If we are not careful in reading story, we will get the wrong understanding. As I found before, I got many wrong assumptions in reading Nelson’s story. Now, I can give the proof that plot is the most important of intrinsic element in literary work.

 CHAPTER III
CONCLUTION
3.1 Summary
            Plot is the series of events that influences the story being interesting. Plot supports the story as alive as universe. The story will never run without plot, so that plot is the most important intrinsic element in literary work.
            As in this story My Husband, My Hero by James W. Nelson plays with the plot and it caused the reader thinks a lot in determining the sequence of events. He starts his story with evening dialog like in a house when it was evening, but in fact it was in a nursing home. He told about the nursing home in his several paragraphs before finishing his story. He describes the husband just using the voices as I assume before that the husband was dead. Actually, this is the story about love affair in the nursing home. Nelson is smart author I think.
3.2 Suggestion
            Before drawing a conclusion, it will be better if you read again your short story or novel; because our assumption sometimes gives on the lie. As my experience in reading this story that I got many assumptions but in fact they are totally wrong. Reading a lot is good solution when you analyze literary work.


BIBLIOGRAPHY

            Ratna, N. H. Teori, Metode, dan Tekhnik Penelitian Sastra. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2007
            Sudjiman, P. H. Kamus Istilah Sastra. Jakarta: Gramedia, 1984
            Forster, E. M. Aspect of Novel. Harcourt: Houghton Mifflin: 1927


















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